《植物生理学报》 2016, 52(4): 514-524

干旱复水对海棠叶片光合蒸腾及水分利用效率的影响

徐颖, 张瑞雪, 曹辉, 宁留芳, 周春然, 吕婷雯, 杨洪强^∗

山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院, 作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安271018

通信作者：杨洪强；E-mail: hqyang@sdau.edu.cn; labft@sdau.edu.cn

摘　要：

以13个类型的盆栽海棠为材料, 分析了自然干旱及旱后复水时叶片净光合速率(net photosynthesis rate, P_n), 蒸腾速率(transpiration rate, T_r)及水分利用效率(water use efficiency, WUE)。结果表明: 13个海棠中, 西府海棠的P_n和WUE最低, 对水分变化最不敏感; 平邑甜茶比较适应轻度和中度干旱, 不适应重度干旱。复水后‘紫色王子’、‘绚丽’和‘雪球’等9个类型的P_n明显超过原初状态; ‘红艳’、‘糖美林’、‘红粉’、‘红宝石’和‘王族’通过提高WUE来抵抗干旱胁迫, ‘绚丽’、‘红丽’和垂丝海棠通过维持较强的恢复能力适应抗旱。干旱时, ‘绚丽’比其他海棠能够更高效地利用水分。

关键词：海棠; 干旱复水; 光合作用; 水分利用效率; 抗旱性

收稿：2015-12-10   修定：2016-03-01

资助：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD16B02)和国家自然科学基金(31372016)。

Effect of drought and rehydration on photosynthetic transpiration and water use efficiency of crabapple

XU Ying, ZHANG Rui-Xue, CAO Hui, NING Liu-Fang, ZHOU Chun-Ran, LÜ Ting-Wen, YANG Hong-Qiang^∗

College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China

Corresponding author: YANG Hong-Qiang; E-mail: hqyang@sdau.edu.cn; labft@sdau.edu.cn

Abstract:

The seedlings of 13 types of crabapples were used as experimental materials and analyzed the net photosynthesis rate (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r), water use efficiency (WUE) of leaves under the natural soil drought and rehydration. The results showed that Malus micromalus had the lowest P_n and T_r in the 13 types of crabapples and was the least sensitive to water changes; M. pinyiensis was suitable for mild and moderate drought but not suitable for severe drought. After rehydration, the P_n of M. ‘Purple Prince’, M. ‘Radiant’, M. ‘Snowdrift’ and other 9 types of crabapples were obviously more than those of the original state; M. ‘Hongyan’, M. ‘Sugar Tyme’, M. ‘Hongfen’, M. ‘Red Jade’ and M. ‘Royalty’ resisted drought stress by improving WUE, M. ‘Radiant’, M. ‘Red Splender’ and M. halliana resisted drought stress by maintaining strong recovery capability. And M. ‘Radiant’ had more efficient use of water than others.

Key words: crabapple; drought and rehydration; photosynthesis; water use efficiency; drought-resistance